[BRITISH INDIA / ISLAM / THE KHILAFAT MOVEMENT] Hindistan'da istiklâl mücahedeleri... [i.e. Freedom struggles of India: An important speech by Imam Azâd explaining the cause of Islam against the British colonial... representing the Indo-Islamic struggle]

MAULANA KALAM AZAD, (1888-1958), Translated by Ömer Riza [Dogrul], Sebilürresad Kütübhânesi Nesriyâti / Mahmud Bey Matbaasi, Istanbul, [AH 1340 = AR 1342] = 1926.

COMPLETE TITLE: [BRITISH INDIA / ISLAM / THE KHILAFAT MOVEMENT] Hindistan'da istiklâl mücahedeleri: Imâmü'l-Hind Mevlânâ Abû al-Kalam Azad hazretlerinin Ingiliz mahkemesi karsisinda Islâm davasini izâh eden, hamâset ve sehâmet-i Islâmiyyeyi temsîl ettiren mühîm bir nutku. Translated by Ömer Riza [Dogrul]. [i.e. Freedom struggles of India: An important speech by Imam Azâd explaining the cause of Islam against the British colonial court, and representing the Indo-Islamic struggle]

Original wrappers. Demy 8vo. (21,5 x 14 cm). In Ottoman script (Old Turkish with Arabic letters). 36 p.

Uncommon and very scarce early Turkish translation of this pamphlet including Maulana Azad'as influential speech against the British colonial rule in India, translated by Ömer Riza Dogrul (1893-1952), who was an Ottoman/Turkish journalist, writer, and translator, for Turkey's efforts to continue its support to the Khilafat Movement. Azad was an Indian independence activist, Islamic theologian, writer, and senior leader of the Indian National Congress and the Khilafat Movement (1919-1924).

As a young man, Azad composed poetry in Urdu, as well as treatises on religion and philosophy. He rose to prominence through his work as a journalist, publishing works critical of the British Raj and espousing the causes of Indian nationalism. Azad became the leader of the Khilafat Movement, during which he came into close contact with the Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi.

Azad established an Urdu weekly newspaper in 1912 called Al-Hilal from Calcutta, and openly attacked British policies while exploring the challenges facing common people. Espousing the ideals of Indian nationalism, Azad's publications were aimed at encouraging young Muslims into fighting for independence and Hindu-Muslim unity. With the onset of World War I, the British stiffened censorship and restrictions on political activity. Azad's Al-Hilal was consequently banned in 1914 under the Press Act.

In 1913, he was a founding member of the Anjuman-i-Ulama-i-Bangala, which would become the Jamiat Ulema-e-Bangala branch of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind in 1921. His work helped improve the relationship between Hindus and Muslims in Bengal, which had been soured by the controversy surrounding the partition of Bengal and the issue of separate communal electorates.

In this period Azad also became active in his support for the Khilafat agitation to protect the position of the Sultan of Ottoman Turkey, who was considered the Caliph or Khalifa for Muslims worldwide. The Sultan had sided against the British in the war and the continuity of his rule came under serious threat, causing distress amongst Muslim conservatives. Azad saw an opportunity to energize Indian Muslims and achieve major political and social reform through the struggle.

Azad started a new journal, the Al-Balagh, which also got banned in 1916 under the Defence of India Regulations Act and he was arrested. The governments of the Bombay Presidency, United Provinces, Punjab, and Delhi prohibited his entry into the provinces and Azad was moved to a jail in Ranchi, where he was incarcerated until 1 January 1920.

Özege 7657.; We can't trace any other copy in OCLC.